Research Paper
Unconventional Transformations: A Study of Goddess Śītalā in Mumbai and Environs
Authors: Gayatri Rede & Dr. Tanashree Redij
Year: 2025, Volume: 16, Page/Article: 147-169, DOI: https://doi.org/10.47509/AA.2025.v16i.9
Abstract
The unconventional nature of idols of deities causes a challenge in academia to comprehend the true significance and value of their cultural heritage due to the profound changes in their notions and beliefs over time. The frequent risk of losing or misunderstanding the original meanings and identities of Indian deities primarily stems from significant temporal and contextual changes. Societal evolution has substantially transformed their identities. These alterations in worship practices have implications for cultural studies and religious fusion. It is crucial to explore how various theories, iconography, and symbolism enhance our understanding of the evolving dynamics in religious practices over a period. Accordingly, this study will examine the unconventional transformations of deities' identities, with icons of goddess Śītalā, serving as the primary case. Goddess Śītalā is an Indian Hindu goddess associated with epidemics, who serves as the patron deity for both smallpox and chickenpox. The study will concentrate on the port sites of Mumbai and its suburbs, including Greater Mumbai, Navi Mumbai, Thane, and Palghar with the primary aim of comprehending the multifaceted aspects associated with the unconventional nature of icons of goddess Śītalā.
Keywords: Epidemic Goddess, Goddess Śītalā, Iconic Worship, Cultural Transformation, Archaeology of Religion, Mumbai